In 2004, a necklace of mollusks was found in Africa that dated back 75,000 years. Since that time, the materials used to make necklaces have changed, but the basic concept has stayed the same. Beads were used to create some of the first necklaces by ancient men. As jewelry skills advanced, the ancient Egyptians began creating beads from glass, while during the Anglo Saxon period, beads were crafted from terra cotta.
During the Middle Ages, necklaces were extremely important. Goldsmiths created chains adorned with enamel and gemstone ornaments. These collars were worn by royalty, as well as church and civic leaders, to express their elevated places in society. Changes in fashion during the 17th century led to necklaces falling out of favor. By the 19th century the trend had reversed and once again necklaces became popular.
One of the most famous diamond necklaces is connected to Queen Marie Antoinette. Prior to the French Revolution, the Cardinal de Rohan was tricked into a scam regarding the purchase of a diamond necklace in an effort to win back the Queen’s favor. The Cardinal obtained the necklace, but then failed to pay for it. He was arrested and tried. Although acquitted, Cardinal de Rohan lost his position at court. The scandal also affected the Queen. Enemies of Marie Antoinette hinted that she had planned the whole affair to destroy the cardinal. It all contributed to her increasing unpopularity. The story inspired several pieces of literature, including Alexandre Dumas’ The Queen’s Necklace and Thomas Caryle’s Diamond Necklace.
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